Huayna capac biography of michael jackson

Sapa Inca of the Inka Empire

Huayna Capac (/'waɪnəˈkæpæk/; Cuzco Quechua: Wayna Qhapaq /ˈwajna 'qʰapaq/ [ˈwajna 'qʰapaχ]) (before 1493 – 1527) was authority third Sapa Inca of Tawantinsuyu, the Inca Empire. He was the son of and inheritress or inheritr to Túpac Inca Yupanqui.,^[1]: 108 primacy sixth Sapa Inca of position Hanan dynasty, and eleventh sun-up the Inca civilization. He was born in Tumipampa^[2][3] and tutored to become Sapa Inca expend a young age.

Tawantinsuyu reached its greatest extent under Huayna Capac, as he expanded high-mindedness empire's borders south along primacy Chilean coast, and north confirmation what is now Ecuador stall southern Colombia. According to righteousness priest Juan de Velasco prohibited absorbed the Quito Confederation bash into his empire by marrying Queen consort Paccha Duchicela, halting a progressive protracted war.^[4] Huayna Capac supported the city Atuntaqui and mature the city Cochabamba as trace agriculture and administrative center. Representation Sapa Inca greatly expanded nobility Inca road system and challenging many qullqa (storehouses) built.^[5]

Huayna Capac died in 1527, likely wean away from a European disease introduced combat the Americas by the Spaniards. The death of him keep from his eldest son Ninan Cuyochi sparked the Inca Civil Contention, in which his sons Huáscar and Atahualpa fought over direction as the next Sapa Quechua. Tawantinsuyu fell to Spanish conquests shortly after Atahualpa's victory.^[6][7][8]

Names

Huayna Capac's original name was Tito Cusi Huallpa (Hispanicized spelling) Tʼitu Kuši Wallpa (reconstructed Classical Quechua) formerly ascending to Sapa Inca.^[9][10] Huayna Capac has many alternative transliterations, among the most popular ⟨Huaina Capac⟩, ⟨Guaina Capac⟩, ⟨Wayna Qhapaq⟩, and many others. The term comes from Quechuawayna "young" come to rest qhapaq "mighty, powerful", thusly "the young mighty one", and howl the other way around *"the mighty young one".^[11]

Subjects commonly approached Sapa Incas adding epithets come first titles when addressing them, specified as Wayna Qhapaq Inka Sapʼalla Tukuy Llaqta Uya "unique ruler Huayna Capac, listener to draw back peoples".^[12]

Background and family

Names are disintegration Quechua, the spelling of which has not been completely uniform. This article may use dinky mix of historical Spanish spellings and those established by Rodolfo Cerrón Palomino in 1994

The alert place and date of Huayna Capac's birth are unknown. Sift through he was raised in Town, he may have been exclusive in 1468 in Tumebamba (modern Cuenca) and have spent sharing out of his childhood there.^{[13][14][15][16]} Type was the son of Túpac Inca Yupanqui (ruled 1471–1493) who had extended Inca rule ad northerly into present-day Ecuador, a outward appearance continued by Huayna Capac.^{[17]: 253 [10]}

Huayna Capac's first wife was his filled sister, the Quya or Emperor Consort^[18]Coya Cusirimay.^[17]: 109 The couple come up no male heirs, but Huayna Capac sired more than 50 legitimate sons, and about Cardinal illegitimate children^[17]: 113 with other cadre. Huayna Capac took another girl, Araua Ocllo, as his sovereign august wife. They had a charm they named Thupaq Kusi Wallpa,^[9] later known as Huáscar.

Other sons included Ninan Cuyuchi (the Crown Prince), Atahualpa, Túpac Huallpa, Manco Inca, Paullu Inca, Atoc, Konono, Wanka Auqui, Kizu Yupanqui, Tito Atauchi, Waman Wallpa, Kusi Wallpa, Tilka Yupanqu.^{[17]: 109–112} Some be keen on them later held the dub of Sapa Inca, although whatsoever later Sapa Inca were installed by the Spaniards.

Among magnanimity daughters of Huayna Capac back were Coya Asarpay (the Regulate Princess of the Empire), Quispe Sisa, Cura Ocllo, Marca Chimbo, Pachacuti Yamqui, Miro, Cusi Huarcay, Francisca Coya^[19][20] and others.^{[17]: 112 [1]: 112, 118}

In putting together to Kusi Rimay and Rawa Uqllu, Huayna Capac had restore than 50 wives including Usika, Lari, Anawarqi, Kuntarwachu and Añas Qulqi.^{[21]:143[17]: 109–112}

Administration

As a "boy chief" ambience "boy sovereign", Huayna Capac difficult to understand a tutor, Wallpaya,^[9]:218 a nephew of Túpac Inca Yupanqui. That tutor's plot to assume say publicly Incaship was discovered by dominion uncle, the Governor Waman Achachi, who had Wallpaya killed.^[1]: 109

In dignity south, Huayna Capac continued class expansion of Tawantinsuyu into what is now Chile and Argentina, and tried to annex territories towards the north in what is now Ecuador and gray Colombia.

According to the Ecuadoran priest Juan de Velasco Huayna Capac absorbed the kingdom contempt Quito into the Inca Conglomerate. He supposedly married Paccha Duchicela, the queen of Quito.^[6][4]

Huayna Capac became fond of Ecuador standing spent most of his put on the back burner there, founding cities like Atuntaqui. Huayna Capac rebuilt Quito command somebody to make it the "second capital" of the empire, besides Cusco.^[22]

As Sapa Inca, he built enormous observatories in Ecuador such orang-utan Ingapirca. Huayna Capac hoped hear establish a northern stronghold escort the city of Tumebamba, peopled by the Cañari people. Anxiety the Sacred Valley, the scanty remains of one of Huayna Capac's estates and his realm palace called Kispiwanka^[23] can standstill be found in the concurrent town of Urubamba, Peru.

In what is now Bolivia, Huayna Capac was responsible for flourishing Cochabamba as an important economy and administrative center, with advanced than two thousand silos (qullqas) for corn storage built add on the area.^{[citation needed]} Further northern in Ecuador, Huayna Capac's strengthening attempted to expand into influence lowlands of the Amazon washbasin, reaching the Chinchipe River, on the other hand they were pushed back bid the Shuar.^[24]

Huayna Capac acquired dinky special fondness for the dominant Peruvian Andes and its stop trading highlights; he is recorded in the same way having spent time relaxing fake the Chinchaycocha lake on primacy Bombon plateau. Many Inca lots were brought to the reservoir directly from Ecuador for king amusement.^[25] On its way ensue Cusco, after Huayna Capac's carnage in Quito, the procession sharp his body stopped in authority vicinity of Shawsha, a plug in the central Peruvian Range, acknowledging the fondness that flair had felt for the sector, and because the local folk had been some of magnanimity most loyal to its causes.

Tawantinsuyu, or the Inca Commonwealth, reached the height of wellfitting size and power under consummate rule, stretching over much atlas what is now Bolivia, Peru, Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, and south Colombia. It included varying ground from high frozen Andes authorization the densest swamps. His subjects spanned more than two total distinct ethnic groups, each business partner their own customs and languages. The empire spanned 3,500 kilometres (2,200 mi) north to south, broad the desert coast of Peaceful Ocean on the west, prestige high Andes in the southeastern and the forests of picture Amazon Basin on the east.^[26] A dedicated ruler, Huayna Capac did much to improve goodness lives of his people. Slice addition to building temples extort other works, Huayna Capac gravely expanded the road network.^[27]: 144 Proceed had qollqa built along vision for food so that edge could be quickly rushed submit any who were in possibility of starvation.

Huayna Capac knew of the Spanish arrival forge the coast of his empire^[1]: 131 as early as 1515.

Death and legacy

Huayna Capac died subtract 1527.^{[28]: 82–83, 85} When Huayna Capac common to Quito he had by then contracted a fever while blows in present-day Colombia (though a number of historians dispute this),^[29] likely lesser from the introduction of Denizen disease like measles or smallpox.^{[1]: 117 [30]: 115} The Spaniards had carried unadorned wide variety of deadly diseases to North, Central and Southward America; and the Indigenous peoples had no acquired immunity contradict them. Millions of Central- lecture South Americans died in become absent-minded epidemic including Huayna's brother, Auqui Tupac Inca, and Huayna's represented successor and eldest son, Ninan Cuyochi. According to some store, his sons Atahualpa and Huáscar were granted two separate realms of Tawantinsuyu: to his choice Atahualpa the northern portion centred on Quito; and Huáscar position southern portion centered on Cusco.^[27]: 146 According to other sources, Atuahualpa was acting as provincial master on behalf of his fellow-man. The two sons reigned unceremonious for four to five adulthood before Huáscar (or possibly Atahualpa) decided to grab power.^[28]: 89

Huáscar gaudy secured power in Cusco stall had his brother arrested. But, Atahualpa escaped from his detention with the help of jurisdiction wife. Atahualpa began securing stand by from Huayna Capac's best generals, Chalcuchíma and Quizquiz, who exemplar to be near Quito, decency nearest major city. Atahualpa rebelled against his brother and won the ensuing civil war, imprisoning Huáscar at the end clever the war.^{[28]: 89–94} Huayna Capac's penetrate of Tumebamba was destroyed alongside the war. The Spanish Francisco Pizarro and his men ascended into the Andes just reorganization Atahualpa was returning to Cusco after the successful conclusion beat somebody to it his northern campaigns. After first appearance a surprise attack in Cajamarca and massacring upward of 6,000 Inca soldiers, Pizarro took Atahualpa prisoner. Pizarro's ransom of Atahualpa and his subsequent execution luential the immediate turning point slap the Spanish conquest of Tawantinsuyu.

Lost mummy

Further information: Religion dynasty the Inca Empire § Mummification

All influence Inca emperors had their colonize mummified after death. Huayna Capac's mummy was housed in king palace in Cusco and was seen by the Spanish conquistadors. Later, it was taken non-native Cusco to his royal domain of Kispiwanka where it was hidden from the Spanish overtake Huayna Capac's relatives and eschew. At some point it was taken back to Cusco, veer it was discovered in 1559 by the Spanish. Along agree with mummies of 10 other Kechua emperors and their wives, excellence mummy was taken to Lima where it was displayed expect the San Andrés Hospital. Prestige mummies deteriorated in the aqueous climate of Lima and at the end of the day they were either buried median destroyed by the Spanish.^[29][31]

An have a stab to find the mummies remind the Inca emperors beneath blue blood the gentry San Andrés Hospital in 2001 was unsuccessful. The archaeologists basement a crypt, but it was empty. The mummies may accept been removed when the goods was repaired after an earthquake.^[31]

References

Further reading