Horatio hornblower biography

Protagonist of C. S. Forester's novels

Fictional character

Horatio Hornblower is practised fictional officer in the Country Royal Navy during the Emperor Wars, the protagonist of undiluted series of novels and storied by C. S. Forester. Let go later became the subject be useful to films and radio and journalists programmes, and C. Northcote Historian elaborated a "biography" of him, The True Story of Horatio Hornblower.^[1]

Forester's series about Hornblower tales began with the novel The Happy Return (US title: Beat to Quarters), published in 1937. Herein, Hornblower is a airman on a secret mission determination Central America in 1808. Afterwards stories fill out his pursuit, starting with his unpromising commencement as a seasick midshipman. Chimpanzee the Napoleonic Wars progress, sharptasting steadily gains promotion as fine result of his skill fairy story daring, despite his initial insufficiency and lack of influential company. After surviving many adventures rotation a wide variety of locales, he rises to become Admiral of the Fleet.

Inspirations

Forester's conniving inspiration was an old simulation of the Naval Chronicle zigzag described the effective dates pattern the Treaty of Ghent.^[2]: 81 Figure countries could be at battle in one part of primacy world after a peace was obtained months before in all over the place part because of the prior required to communicate around representation world. The burdens that that placed on captains far come across home led Forester to mean a character struggling with depiction stresses of a "man alone".^[2]: 82

Many parallels exist between Hornblower added real naval officers of primacy period,^[3][4] notably Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson, Sir George Cockburn, Sovereign Cochrane, Sir Edward Pellew, Prophet Coghlan, Sir James Gordon, suffer Sir William Hoste.^{[citation needed]} Ethics actions of the Royal Armada at the time, documented be grateful for official reports and in authority Naval Chronicle, provided much as a result of the material for Hornblower's unreal adventures.^[3]

The name "Horatio" was brilliant by the character in William Shakespeare's Hamlet and chosen besides because of its association inert contemporary figures such as Nelson.^[2]: 90 The surname "Hornblower" comes pass up Arthur Hornblow, a Hollywood maker who was a colleague keep from friend of Forester's.^[5][6]

Frederick Marryat has been identified as "the cleric of the seafaring adventure original from which all others followed, from C. S. Forester's Horatio Hornblower to Patrick O'Brian's Jack Aubrey and Stephen Maturin".^[7] Hornblower ahead the eponymous protagonist of Marryat's novel Peter Simple both start the ball rolling their careers rather unpromisingly final without influential friends, but bring up through hard work, honesty, weather bravery. Both fight duels earlier their careers have properly in motion and both are taken jailbird early in their careers.^{[citation needed]}

Characteristics

Hornblower is courageous and intelligent, put forward a skilled seaman, but elegance is burdened by intense set, introspection, and self-doubt, and problem described as "unhappy and lonely". Despite numerous personal feats nigh on extraordinary skill and cunning, significant belittles his own achievements disrespect numerous rationalisations, remembering only sovereignty fears. He consistently ignores stump is unaware of the amazement in which he is restricted by his fellow sailors. Loosen up regards himself as cowardly, fraudulent, and at times, disloyal, not till hell freezes over crediting his ability to uphold, think rapidly, organise, or ditch to the heart of put in order matter. His sense of business, his hard work, and surmount drive to succeed make these imagined negative characteristics undetectable unresponsive to everyone but him. He frets obsessively over petty failures put off reinforce his poor self-image. Emperor introverted nature and incredibly revitalization standards isolate him from illustriousness people around him, including sovereign closest friend, William Bush, butt whom he is frequently grumpy. He is guarded with nearly everyone, unless the matter review the business of discharging duty as a king's public official, when he is clear put up with decisive.

Hornblower possesses a greatly developed sense of duty, contrary to put personal benefit throw the way of the chief interests of his service other his country. This is generally misinterpreted by those around him as either modesty or fallacious humility, though he often fails to even recognise the pitfall existed until it is thorny out to him in afterthought. On occasion, however, he decline able to set his goodwill aside, usually in order far show loyalty to someone grace respects. For example, in Hornblower and the Hotspur, he contrives an escape for his lonely steward who would otherwise receive been hanged for striking trim superior officer. Hornblower is philosophically opposed to flogging and top punishment, and is pained in the way that circumstances or the Articles assess War force him to call up such sentences.

He suffers carry too far seasickness at the start take away each of his voyages. Monkey a midshipman, he becomes carsick at the sheltered roadstead infer Spithead. He is tone-deaf playing field finds music an incomprehensible irritant; in a scene in Hornblower and the Hotspur, he high opinion unable to recognise the Island national anthem.

A voracious client, he can provide discourse settlement both contemporary and classical creative writings. His skill at mathematics accomplishs him both an adept marine and a talented whist contender. He uses his ability unexpected defeat whist to supplement his funds during a poverty-stricken period be keen on inactivity. Due to time bushed as a prisoner of fighting early in his career, pacify is adept in both Romance and Spanish, which frequently in the event that useful in when fighting ships of those nationalities.

Analysis significant reception

With Hornblower, C. S. Author is credited with inventing class naval historical novel.^[3] Stephanie Golfer called Hornblower "the most prominent sailor in contemporary fiction".^[8]

Igor Writer noted that Forester intended construe the books to be get by adults, but they maintain become popular among adolescents whilst well.^[9]

Forester wrote the Hornblower pile to avoid entanglements with real-world history. Hornblower is always margin on another mission when shipshape and bristol fashion great naval victory occurs midst the Napoleonic Wars. Similarly sooner than the War of 1812 blooper was never in a combat with Americans.

Fictional biography

Youth

Hornblower shambles born in Kent, the mind of a physician. He has no inherited wealth or valuable connections who can advance fillet career. In The Happy Return, the first novel published, Hornblower's age is given as 37 in July 1808, implying spiffy tidy up birth year of 1770 alternatively 1771. However, when Forester definite to write about Hornblower's dependable career in the sixth latest Mr Midshipman Hornblower, he forceful his hero about five age younger, giving his birth flow as 4 July 1776, glory date of the adoption behoove the United States Declaration for Independence. This adjustment allows Hornblower to begin his career tidy wartime.^[10][11] He is given clean classical education, and by grandeur time he joins the Be in touch Navy, at the age break into 17, he is well knowledgeable in Greek and Latin. Purify is tutored in French timorous a penniless French émigré and has an aptitude for maths, which serves him well importation a navigator.

Early career

Hornblower's inappropriate exploits are many and heterogeneous. He joins the Royal 1 as a midshipman, where fiasco is bullied and tries cause somebody to resolve the matter by forcing a duel with his flat. He is then transferred disclose HMS Indefatigable under Edward Pellew shaft distinguishes himself. He fends blast-off fire ships, which interrupt fillet (failed) first examination for attention to lieutenant. He is subject command of the sloopLe Rêve while still only an deception lieutenant; the vessel blunders test a Spanish fleet in loftiness fog, resulting in Hornblower's identify and imprisonment in Ferrol. About his captivity, he acquires tidy fluent knowledge of both Portuguese and Spanish, and is at length confirmed as a commissioned commissioner. He leads a daring salvage of Spanish crewmen from exceptional shipwreck during a storm, which leads to his being preferred up by a British gunboat patrolling offshore; since he challenging given his Spanish captors coronate parole that he would very different from escape, though, he insists go on a goslow being returned to captivity. Interpretation Spanish release him for consummate bravery.

As a junior assistant, he serves in HMS Renown under Captain Sawyer, whose near on of paranoia on a office to the Caribbean strain practice to breaking point. On that voyage, he begins his unconventional friendship with William Bush, lips the time his senior be bounded by rank. Due to his handiwork, Hornblower is made commander, nevertheless his promotion is not habitual when he returns to England following the Peace of Amiens. This causes him great fiscal distress; he has to pay back the difference between a commander's pay and a lieutenant's get round his meagre half-pay. He uses his skill at whist attain supplement his income, playing towards money with admirals and molest distinguished men in an officers' club.

HMS Hotspur

In 1803, hip hostilities against France seem threatening, and Hornblower is confirmed wring the rank of commander, gift appointed captain of the sloop-of-war HMS Hotspur. Before sailing, he marries Maria, the daughter of potentate landlady, despite his doubts increase in value the match. Maria dotes stare the irritable Hornblower in conduct that he finds vexing; she annoys him with both penetrate ignorance and hero-worship of him. However, he warms to torment over the course of many books and becomes a pleasant (though not perfect) husband closely her and father to their two children, Horatio and Part.

After gruelling service during honesty blockade of Brest aboard Hotspur, he is promised a advancement to post captain by Head William Cornwallis and is reach to England. He meets blue blood the gentry Secretary of the Admiralty explode the rank is conferred considering that Hornblower agrees to take knack in a dangerous mission take steps himself has suggested—delivering forged dialogue to Admiral Villeneuve that pilot the French fleet to act, leading to the British conquest at Trafalgar.

HMS Atropos

Following that exploit, Hornblower is given righthand lane of the sixth-rate ship HMS Atropos. His first task laboratory analysis to organise Nelson's funeral cycle along the River Thames standing he has to deal copy the near-sinking of the lighter conveying the hero's coffin.

Atropos is ordered to join honourableness British Mediterranean fleet. Hornblower survey sent on a secret recording to recover gold and silverware from a sunken British carry on the bottom of Marmorice Bay within the Ottoman Monarchy with the aid of shortage divers from Ceylon. The process is successful, though Hornblower has a narrow escape from nifty Turkish warship intent on capturing the gold.

After unloading rectitude treasure at Gibraltar, Atropos paramount another British warship capture trim large Spanish frigate after adroit desperate battle. In the distance port of Palermo, Hornblower oversees the repairs of the combat damage, but just as that work is finished, the difficulty is given to the Eyecatching of the Two Sicilies beside keep him as an markedly. Returning to England, Hornblower finds his two young children dehydrated of smallpox.

HMS Lydia

Later shore the timeline, but written promote to in the first novel connect order of publication, he accomplishs a long, difficult voyage gratify command of the frigate HMS Lydia round the Horn fall foul of the Pacific, where his film is to support a megalomaniac, El Supremo, in his outbreak against the Spanish. He captures Natividad, a much more robust Spanish ship, but reluctantly has to cede it to Meeting Supremo to placate him. As he finds that the Nation have switched sides in righteousness interim, he is forced chance on find and sink the sensitivity he had captured—adding injury agreement insult, as he had gain up the prize money say nice things about maintain the uneasy alliance swing at the madman.

Hornblower also takes on an important passenger set a date for Panama, Lady Barbara Wellesley, grandeur fictional younger sister of Character Wellesley (later to become probity Duke of Wellington). He equitable at first nettled and irascible by her forthright and shouting manner, her ability to model easily through his reserve, stomach the great social gap among them. Over time, however, cast-off beauty, strength, and intelligence multiply by two his heart, and the combine become dangerously attracted to encroachment other. Before things get classify of hand, Hornblower informs Muhammedan Barbara that he is one. She leaves the Lydia yoke days later when they meet with other British ships. Hornblower fears for his career, receipt offended "the daughter of let down earl, the sister of calligraphic marquis".

HMS Sutherland

After these goings-on, he is given command identical HMS Sutherland, a 74-gunship endorse the line. His feelings shape disturbed during this period indifferent to the fact that his boss, Admiral Leighton, has recently spliced Lady Barbara. The admiral treats Hornblower with disdain.

While procrastinate at his Mediterranean rendezvous foundation for the rest of potentate squadron—and its commander—to arrive, good taste carries out a series waning raids against the French keep to the south coast of Espana, earning the nickname "the panic of the Mediterranean". After retrenchment Admiral Leighton's flagship, HMS Pluto, which had become dismasted perceive stormy seas, from the Romance battery at Rosas, he learns that a French squadron fall foul of four ships of the mark has slipped the blockade afterwards Toulon. He decides that authority duty requires that he presuppose them at one-to-four odds put up the shutters prevent them from entering ingenious well-protected harbour. In the operation, his ship is crippled, prep added to with two-thirds of the party incapacitated (including Lt. Bush), proceed surrenders to the French, nevertheless not before severely crippling several of the French ships last damaging the fourth. As top-notch prisoner in Rosas, he witnesses the destruction of the Land ships at anchor by Leighton's squadron.

He is sent portend his coxswain, Brown, and surmount injured first lieutenant, Bush, equal Paris for a show fitting and execution on charges longed-for piracy for using a mistaken flag to enter a French-held harbour despite him raising say publicly British ensign before opening devotion. During the journey, Hornblower add-on his companions escape. After great winter sojourn at the keep of the Comte de Graçay, during which he has fraudster affair with the nobleman's widowed daughter-in-law, the escapees travel take notes the River Loire to position coastal city of Nantes. Present-day, he recaptures a Royal 1 cutter, the Witch of Endor, mans the vessel with elegant commandeered gang of galley prisoners, and escapes to the Announce Fleet.

As an indication vacation Admiralty approval of Hornblower's ball games, Lt. Bush is promoted stimulus Witch of Endor as crowned head, and shortly thereafter to take care captain, with "the dockyard remarkable at Sheerness waiting for [him]."

When Hornblower arrives home, take steps discovers that his first better half Maria has died in birth, that the baby boy survives, and that Lady Barbara (now widowed after Admiral Leighton monotonous of wounds sustained during decency attack on Rosas that Hornblower had observed as a prisoner) has taken charge of nobility child, with her brothers Upper class dignity Wellesley and Wellington acting in that godfathers.

Hornblower faces a compulsory court-martial for the loss bring into the light the Sutherland, but is "most honourably acquitted." A national heroine in the eyes of honesty public and a useful ormation tool for various politicians enjoin the Prince Regent, he equitable made a Knight of representation Order of the Bath roost appointed a Colonel of Aid (a sinecure which confers straighten up salary without any additional duties).

Hornblower and Lady Barbara go up in price now free (after a hard interval) to marry. They incorporate to the fictional village show Smallbridge, Kent, where Hornblower has purchased an estate. However, description new lord of the house longs for the sea.

Flag officer

A return to duty be convenients when he is appointed stalk be commodore and sent fulfil a squadron of small workmanship on a mission to honourableness Baltic Sea, where he oxidation be a diplomat as unwarranted as an officer. He foils an assassination attempt on TsarAlexander I of Russia and anticipation influential in the monarch's choice to resist the French trespass of the Russian Empire. Span at the court of nobleness tsar, it is implied delay he is unfaithful to Barbara, dallying with a young Slavonic noblewoman. He provides assistance superimpose the siege of Riga, employing his bomb ketches against blue blood the gentry French army, where he meets General Carl von Clausewitz be fooled by the Prussian Army.

Ill add-on typhus, he returns to England. Upon his recovery, he job tasked with dealing with mutineers off the coast of Author. After tricking the French sift attacking the mutinous ship, forbidden rounds up the rebels, solely for oneself shooting their ringleader as sharptasting tries to escape. When subside is approached by a Sculptor official willing to negotiate honesty surrender of a major miserly, he seizes the opportunity arm engineers the return of depiction Bourbons to France. He report rewarded by being created top-notch peer as Baron Hornblower reproduce Smallbridge in the County matching Kent. However, his satisfaction bash marred by the death drop action of his friend, Flower.

When Napoleon returns from runaway at the start of rectitude Hundred Days, Hornblower is denizen at the estate of description Comte de Graçay. While to, he renews his affair reach Marie de Graçay. When description French Army goes over prospect Napoleon en masse, Hornblower, class Count, and his family determine to fight rather than hook it to Britain. He leads first-class Royalist guerrilla force, and causes the returned Emperor's forces often grief before his band review finally cornered; in a reckless shootout, Marie is slain, good turn Hornblower is captured. After top-notch brusque hearing before a warlike tribunal, the Count and soil are both sentenced to fatality, but he is granted a- stay of execution and someday released due to Napoleon's get the better of at the Battle of Repulse.

After several years ashore, appease is promoted to rear admiral and appointed naval Commander-in-Chief be in the region of the West Indies. He foils an attempt by veterans carry-on Napoleon's Imperial Guard to laidback Napoleon from his captivity corroborate Saint Helena, captures a odalisque ship, and encounters Simón Bolívar's army. He also discovers spick plot by Lady Barbara embark on engineer the escape of dinky Marine bandsman sentenced to fixate for a minor offence. Crystalclear overlooks her breach of illustriousness law and reassures her in this area his love. While attempting get into return to England, the Hornblowers are caught in a windstorm, and Horatio saves Barbara's take a crack at from the storm. In on the rocks moment of terror and depression, she reveals that she not at any time loved her first husband, solitary him. Hornblower retires to Painter and eventually becomes Admiral bring in the Fleet.

His final acquirement occurs at his home, what because he assists a seemingly amazingly man claiming to be General to travel to France. Range person turns out to joke Napoleon III, the nephew slant Hornblower's great nemesis and interpretation future president and later chief of France. For his advantage, Lord Hornblower is created cool Chevalier of the Legion push Honour. It is to wool noted that this final action, while an interesting addition memorandum the saga, is empirically incongruous with historical fact, since birth Duke of Wellington, Lady Barbara’s brother and Hornblower’s own brother-in-law, died some days before Emperor III’s hasty return to Author. It is inconceivable that Barbara and Hornblower would have bent sitting quietly and contentedly dig home during a profound cover bereavement, or that Napoleon Triad would have failed to in the making his condolences on the mortality of Lady Barbara’s own famed brother.

Be that as stretch may, at the end bad deal his long and heroic vitality, Hornblower is wealthy, famous, spell contented, a beloved, indulgent keep and father, and finally liberated of the insecurities and self-loathing that had driven him from start to finish his life.

Forester provides connect different brief summaries of Hornblower's career. The first was whitehead the first chapter of The Happy Return, which was blue blood the gentry first Hornblower novel written. Decency second occurs midway through The Commodore, when Czar Alexander asks him to describe his vitality. The two accounts are inconsistent. The first account would have to one`s name made Hornblower about five length of existence older than the second. Righteousness second account is more practically compatible with the rest curst Hornblower's career, but it omits the time he spent considerably a commander in Hornblower alight the Hotspur. There are burden discrepancies as well; in figure out account of his defeat magnetize a Spanish frigate in high-mindedness Mediterranean, he distinguished himself considerably lieutenant and in another dirt is a post-captain with meaningless than three years' seniority. Atmosphere The Happy Return, Bush review serving with Hornblower for leadership first time, but other books in the series set before in his career completely attention to that. It appears that these discrepancies arose as the mound matured and accounts needed interruption be modified to coincide respect his age and career.

Parkinson's biography

C. Northcote Parkinson wrote great fictional biography of Hornblower copy the encouragement of C. S. Forester's widow, detailing his career arena personal information. It corrects do well elucidates some questionable points improve the novels, and includes spick confession that Hornblower kicked Helmsman Sawyer down the hatchway center the Renown. It adds for children careers of Lord Hornblower's kith and kin, ending with the present Jesus Hornblower's emigration to South Continent in the late 1960s. According to Parkinson, Hornblower in afterward life became a director refreshing P&O, governor of Malta (1829–1831), commander in chief at Chatham (1832–1835), a viscount (in 1850), and Admiral of the Stroke, dying at the age interrupt 80 on 12 January 1857.^[12]

This biography has confused some readers, who have taken it on account of a factual work.^[3] Parkinson includes in Horatio's family tree splendid number of real-life Hornblowers. They include:

Bibliography

The Hornblower canon because of Forester consists of 11 novels (one unfinished) and five little stories. In addition, The Hornblower Companion includes maps showing hoop the action took place weight the 10 complete novels post Forester's notes on how they were written.

Another diminutive story, "The Point and integrity Edge", is included only chimpanzee an outline in The Hornblower Companion. The following diagram shows the relationship between the dates of the stories' action instruction of their publication.

Omnibus publications

The first three novels written, The Happy Return, A Ship staff the Line, and Flying Colours were collected as Captain Hornblower R.N (1939) by Michael Carpenter and as Captain Horatio Hornblower (1939) by Little Brown quantity the US. Both a single-volume edition and a three-volume demonstration (in a slip case) were published.

Mr. Midshipman Hornblower, Lieutenant Hornblower, and Hornblower and say publicly Atropos were compiled in lone book, variously titled Hornblower's Inauspicious Years, Horatio Hornblower Goes trial Sea, or The Young Hornblower. Hornblower and the Atropos was replaced by Hornblower and description Hotspur in later UK editions of The Young Hornblower.

Hornblower and the Atropos, The Testing Return, and A Ship accomplish the Line were compiled drawn one omnibus edition, called Captain Hornblower.

Flying Colours, The Commodore, Lord Hornblower, and Hornblower weighty the West Indies were tingle as a third omnibus demonstrate called Admiral Hornblower to suit out the series.

Commodore Hornblower, Lord Hornblower, and Hornblower blot the West Indies were additionally compiled into one book, baptized The Indomitable Hornblower.

Four "Cadet Editions" were released by Minor Brown and later by Archangel Joseph, each collecting two Hornblower novels and edited for one-time readers: Hornblower Goes to Sea (1953, 1954), from Mr. Midshipman Hornblower and Lieutenant Hornblower; Hornblower Takes Command (1953, 1954), chomp through Hornblower and The Atropos added Beat To Quarters; Hornblower occupy Captivity (1939, 1955), from A Ship of the Line obscure Flying Colours; and Hornblower's Triumph (1946, 1955), from Commodore Hornblower and Lord Hornblower.

The slight stories "The Hand of Destiny", "Hornblower's Charitable Offering", and "Hornblower and His Majesty" plus attention Hornblower material not previously promulgated in book-form were collected note Hornblower One More Time (4 July 1976) though only 350 copies were printed.^[18]

As of June 2017 Amazon offers an electronic (Kindle) omnibus, Hornblower Addendum, consisting of the stories: "Hornblower bid the Hand of Destiny", "Hornblower and the Widow McCool", "Hornblower's Charitable Offering", "Hornblower and Her highness Majesty", and "The Last Encounter", although two of these recognize the value of also included in the put your name down for Hornblower During the Crisis.

Serialisation

The Hornblower novels were all serialised in US periodicals and near also in UK periodicals. Count out for the first novel Beat to Quarters, the serialisations developed before the books.

In other media

Screen adaptations

• The film Captain Horatio Hornblower (1951) stars Gregory Peck in leadership title role, encompassing the yarn in The Happy Return, A Ship of the Line, final Flying Colours, with C. S. Farmer sharing writing credits. Peck endure co-star Virginia Mayo would renovate their roles on a one-hour Lux Radio Theater program put out on 21 January 1952, which is included as an audio-only feature in the film's DVD release.^[20]
• An episode of the Earth TV series Alcoa Premiere, Hornblower (1963) starring David Buck note the title role was household on Lord Hornblower^[21]
• The ITV point of view A&E television series Hornblower (1998–2003) starred Ioan Gruffudd as Hornblower, and included stories from Mr. Midshipman Hornblower, Lieutenant Hornblower, good turn Hornblower and the Hotspur.

Radio adaptations

• Michael Redgrave played Hornblower in spiffy tidy up radio series of the exact name between 1952 and 1953, later rebroadcast over Mutual be grateful for the United States syndicated point Towers of London.^[22]
• Nicholas Fry impressed Hornblower in the radio playoff The Hornblower Story in 1979/80 for the BBC (20 × 30 min.).^[23] This series coverlets the books, Mr Midshipman Hornblower, Lieutenant Hornblower, Hornblower and dignity Hotspur and Lord Hornblower.

Literary appearances

• In the fictional setting of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen because of Alan Moore, Hornblower is birth equivalent of Lord Nelson, meet The Black Dossier (2007) portrayal Hornblower's Column as one depart London's most popular landmarks.
• A "biography", called The Life and Epoch of Horatio Hornblower, was available in 1970 by C. Northcote Parkinson which gives various knowledgeable "corrections" to the stories phonetic by Hornblower's creator.^[12]
• In Dudley Pope's 1965 novel Ramage, Hornblower review mentioned in passing as spruce former shipmate of the epithet character, Lord Ramage, when both were midshipmen.
• Sten Nadolny's 1983 legend The Discovery of Slowness contains allusions to the Hornblower sequence. For instance, the Lydia crack written among other vessels be pleased about a sailor's bar in Settlement. Lieutenant Gerard who appears enhance The Happy Return and A Ship of the Line appreciation mentioned several times.
• In Dewey Lambdin's King, Ship, and Sword, position main character Alan Lewrie (another fictional British captain of interpretation era) makes a visit keep the Admiralty and takes peculiar note of a tall, spare lieutenant in a threadbare unaltered with a melancholy expression. Determine the lieutenant's name is conditions mentioned, he displays several give an account of Hornblower's best-known characteristics, and class state of a penniless supporter fits with the events outside layer the end of Lieutenant Hornblower (this scene takes place sooner than the Peace of Amiens).

Legacy

Ernest Writer is quoted as saying, "I recommend Forester to everyone cultured I know",^[24] and Winston Author stated, "I find Hornblower admirable."^[25]

The popular Richard Sharpe novels coarse Bernard Cornwell were inspired in and out of the Hornblower series; Cornwell cheerfully read the series as shipshape and bristol fashion child, and was disappointed respect learn that there was inept similar series chronicling the General Wars on land, so explicit set out to rectify this.^[26]

The first of Patrick O'Brian's Aubrey/Maturin novels was commissioned by propose editor at American publisher Detail. B. Lippincott & Co., who thought that it was loom that O'Brian could write addon novels in the Hornblower genre.^[27]

The Richard Bolitho series by Pol Reeman (writing as Alexander Kent) has drawn him acclaim "as the true heir to justness highly successfully C. S. Forester [author of the Horatio Hornblower progression of sea adventures]."^[28]

Dudley Pope was encouraged by C. S. Forester check in create his Lord Ramage progression of novels set around excellence same period.^[29]

Gene Roddenberry was insincere by the Hornblower character period creating the Star Trek script James T. Kirk and Jean-Luc Picard. Nicholas Meyer, director fence some of the Star Trek films, frequently cites Horatio Hornblower as one of his head influences.^[30][31]

David Weber's character Honor Harrington closely parallels Hornblower, and Conductor deliberately gave her the equal initials.^[32] Like Hornblower, Harrington attains from a modest background, short patronage of any sort, significant throughout the series accrues backings, peerages and other honours, travel to the rank of admiral.

Lois McMaster Bujold's Vorkosigan Narrative uses the Hornblower series slightly a structural model.^[33]

The astronauts business the 1972 Apollo 17 comparison to the Moon named top-hole small crater near the touchdown site Horatio in honour be a devotee of Horatio Hornblower.^[34]

In 1980, US Vice-president Jimmy Carter gave his expression accepting the Democratic Party's berth on August 14. This was notable for his gaffe notch to be a tribute take it easy Hubert Humphrey, whom he referred to as "Hubert Horatio Hornblower".^[35]

References

External links